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S

salary

Compensation received by an employee for services performed. A salary is a fixed sum paid for a specific period of time worked, such as weekly or monthly.

sales tax

A tax on retail products based on a set percentage of retail cost.

self-employment loss

Self-employment income minus self-employment expenses, when self-employment income is less than self-employment expenses.

self-employment profit

Self-employment income minus self-employment expenses, when self-employment income is greater than self-employment expenses.

self-employment tax

Similar to Social Security and Medicare taxes. The self-employment tax rate is 15.3 percent of self-employment profit. The self-employment tax is calculated on Schedule SE—Self-Employment Tax. The self-employment tax is reported on Form 1040, U.S. Individual Income Tax Return.

single filing status

If on the last day of the year, you are unmarried or legally separated from your spouse under a divorce or separate maintenance decree and you do not qualify for another filing status.

sin tax

A tax on goods such as tobacco and alcohol.

Social Security tax

Provides benefits for retired workers and their dependents as well as for the disabled and their dependents. Also known as the Federal Insurance Contributions Act (FICA) tax.

Software Developer

Develops software for the purposes of (1) formatting electronic tax return information according to IRS specifications, and/or (2) transmitting electronic tax return information directly to the IRS.

standard deduction

Reduces the income subject to tax and varies depending on filing status, age, blindness, and dependency.

support

For dependency test purposes, support includes food, clothing, shelter, education, medical and dental care, recreation, and transportation. It also includes welfare, food stamps, and housing provided by the state. Support includes all income, taxable and nontaxable.